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Introduction to Automobile

What is Automobile?










Automobile is a self propelled vehicle that travels on land. Automobile transporters goods and people From one location to another.

Classification of Automobile
1)W.r.t  fuel used 
  Petrol vehicle
  Diesel Vehicle
  CNG Vehicle
  LPG vehicle
   Solar vehicle
2) with respect to wheel and axle
   Two wheeler
   Three wheeler
   Four wheeler
   Six wheeler
   Multi wheeler
3) w.r.t drive
   I) according to sitting position of driver
     a) right hand drive- indian vehicle
     b) left hand drive -  American vehicle
  II) according to driving axle
    a) front wheel drive
    b) rear wheel drive
    c) All wheel drive
4) w.r.t suspension
  a) conventional suspension-Leaf spring
  b) independent suspension- coil spring,   torsion bar, pneumatic.

Layout of Automobile vehicle


Functions of automobile components
1) Radiator
The radiator transfer the heat from the fluid inside to the air outside, thereby cooling the fluid, which in turn cool the engine.

2) Engine
 The function of engine is to convert chemical energy into mechanical energy.
Engine may be s.i or c.i 

3) Gear box 
I)It's It's functions is to vary the torque and speed according to drivers need.
II)Be shifted into reverse so vehicle can move backward
Be shifted into neutral so engine can start 

4) universal joint
The purpose of universal joint is to transfer torque from one plane to another, retaining whatever rotational energy applied to the shaft.

5) sliding joint
Slip joint permit effective length of propeller shaft depending upon road conditions.
If there is no slip joint the propeller shaft will brake.

6) propeller shaft
It transmit the power from gearbox to rear axles with the help of universal joint.

7) Differential
The differential is the arrangement of shafts and gear which transfer power to rear wheel from engine.
 During turning of vehicles outer wheel rotate fast then inner wheel it is possible due to differential.

8) leaf spring absorbed the vehicle vibration shock and load by means of spring deflection.

Chassis and it's Classification

 Definition of chassis-
 Chassis is the main support structure of the vehicle which is also known as frame 
I) functions of chassis to support load of the body engine clutch gear box etc.
II) to withstand the forces caused due to the sudden braking  and acceleration of the vehicle

Classification of chassis
1)Conventional chassis
The engine is mounted in front of the driver cabin

2) semi forward chassis
 The engine is mounted half in driver cabin and remaining half out of driver cabin.

3) fullforward chassis
The engine is mounted completely inside the driver cabin

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